Profiling center recency profile

1 How this page works

last_login_time records when someone last signed into one of Shambhala’s websites. It is not recorded for everyone, and a small number of stored timestamps predate any real login tracking — those are cleaned out below rather than treated as extremely stale logins.

People are then split into one of five mutually exclusive tiers, checked in this order: an authorized meditation instructor (MI) is counted as an MI even if they also hold a leadership role; a leader is counted as a leader even if they also have SDB admin access; and so on down to plain members and friends, and finally non-members. This keeps the tiers from double-counting anyone, and lets us ask “how recently is each tier logging in” without one person’s activity showing up twice.

2 Why the tiers matter

Before looking center by center, it’s worth checking whether these tiers actually behave differently — if everyone logged in at similar rates regardless of role, the cascade would just be extra bookkeeping.

Figure 1: Share who have ever logged in, by engagement tier

3 Recency by center and tier

For people who have logged in at least once, the chart below shows the distribution of median days since last login, one point per center, faceted by tier. A point far to the left means that tier’s members at that center are logging in recently; a point far to the right means it’s been a long time. Centers with nobody in a given tier simply don’t contribute a point to that panel.

Figure 2: Distribution of center-level median days since last login, by tier

3.1 Center-level detail

Table 1: Center-level recency detail by engagement tier
Tier N people Ever
logged in
% ever logged in Median days
since login
Q1 days
since login
Q3 days
since login
Adelaide Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 4 4 100% 334 42 633
Leadership role 2 2 100% 2,485 2,475 2,495
SDB admin 1 1 100% 416 416 416
Member / Friend 68 60 88% 528 205 1,334
Albuquerque Shambhala Meditation Center
Leadership role 6 6 100% 521 249 523
SDB admin 1 1 100% 4 4 4
Member / Friend 38 31 82% 421 110 1,637
Annapolis Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 3 3 100% 87 44 96
SDB admin 1 1 100% 161 161 161
Member / Friend 24 20 83% 762 217 1,689
Auckland Shambhala Meditation Centre
Leadership role 4 4 100% 1,064 490 1,867
Member / Friend 23 16 70% 1,592 711 3,758
Austin Shambhala Meditation Center
Authorized MI 15 8 53% 1,913 253 4,087
Leadership role 8 8 100% 29 23 764
SDB admin 1 1 100% 297 297 297
Member / Friend 86 76 88% 429 155 1,101
Baltimore Shambhala Meditation Center
Authorized MI 6 5 83% 2,163 1,278 2,234
Leadership role 4 4 100% 22 8 84
SDB admin 2 2 100% 152 80 225
Member / Friend 54 36 67% 624 54 2,215
Bangkok Shambhala Meditation Center
Leadership role 2 2 100% 1,595 1,288 1,903
SDB admin 1 1 100% 175 175 175
Member / Friend 9 6 67% 2,586 2,436 4,109
Bellingham Shambhala Meditation Center
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 5 5 5
Leadership role 8 8 100% 1,170 553 1,671
Member / Friend 38 29 76% 2,321 1,457 3,289
Berkeley Shambhala Meditation Center
Authorized MI 9 5 56% 3,639 958 3,949
Leadership role 2 2 100% 1,086 955 1,217
SDB admin 6 6 100% 45 24 124
Member / Friend 218 168 77% 1,737 366 3,017
Bern Shambhala Meditationszentrum
Authorized MI 2 0 0% — — —
Leadership role 2 2 100% 28 28 29
SDB admin 2 2 100% 134 103 165
Member / Friend 13 12 92% 713 199 1,879
Birmingham Shambhala Center
Authorized MI 2 1 50% 4,758 4,758 4,758
Leadership role 7 7 100% 8 6 402
SDB admin 2 2 100% 1 1 1
Member / Friend 37 30 81% 196 37 1,137
Boulder Shambhala Center
Authorized MI 54 33 61% 1,482 169 3,465
Leadership role 2 2 100% 22 15 28
SDB admin 6 6 100% 11 10 20
Member / Friend 263 223 85% 229 70 1,307
Bristol and S.W. U.K. Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 2 1 50% 3,488 3,488 3,488
Leadership role 2 2 100% 121 71 170
Member / Friend 11 9 82% 797 111 2,253
Budapesti Shambhala Meditációs Csoport
Leadership role 2 2 100% 1,180 611 1,749
SDB admin 1 1 100% 579 579 579
Member / Friend 13 10 77% 2,006 1,103 3,422
Burlington Shambhala Center
Authorized MI 2 0 0% — — —
Leadership role 6 6 100% 89 55 118
SDB admin 1 1 100% 148 148 148
Member / Friend 36 27 75% 430 193 1,197
Calgary Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 3 3 100% 370 229 370
Member / Friend 38 23 61% 2,997 1,712 4,170
Centre de Méditation Shambhala de Marseille
Authorized MI 2 1 50% 5,376 5,376 5,376
Leadership role 4 3 75% 56 28 80
SDB admin 1 1 100% 0 0 0
Member / Friend 38 30 79% 1,622 810 2,228
Centre de Méditation Shambhala de Paris
Authorized MI 7 2 29% 2,307 1,705 2,908
Leadership role 9 9 100% 106 43 263
SDB admin 3 3 100% 285 241 334
Member / Friend 24 19 79% 1,147 339 1,875
Centre de méditation Shambhala de Montréal
Authorized MI 14 8 57% 439 88 2,103
Leadership role 11 11 100% 71 17 248
SDB admin 5 5 100% 16 6 26
Member / Friend 166 75 45% 671 197 2,212
Centro Shambhala Meditación de Madrid
Authorized MI 5 1 20% 2,814 2,814 2,814
Leadership role 6 6 100% 27 1 84
SDB admin 1 1 100% 18 18 18
Member / Friend 22 21 95% 285 95 795
Centro Shambhala de Meditação de São Paulo
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 3,048 3,048 3,048
Leadership role 4 4 100% 645 303 903
Member / Friend 61 51 84% 2,220 1,437 2,933
Centro de Meditación Shambhala Santiago
Leadership role 4 4 100% 940 749 1,294
SDB admin 1 1 100% 2 2 2
Member / Friend 115 71 62% 2,900 2,030 3,193
Centro de Meditación Shambhala Sur
Leadership role 1 1 100% 11 11 11
Member / Friend 4 4 100% 340 138 954
Centro di Meditazione Shambhala Ticino
Authorized MI 2 0 0% — — —
Leadership role 7 7 100% 92 7 402
Member / Friend 27 8 30% 1,769 1,037 2,709
Cleveland Shambhala Meditation Center
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 143 143 143
Leadership role 3 3 100% 33 17 179
SDB admin 4 4 100% 184 125 706
Member / Friend 83 51 61% 1,111 226 2,861
Cuenca Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 5 3 60% 190 96 1,583
Member / Friend 8 4 50% 1,695 365 2,999
Dallas Shambhala Meditation Center
Leadership role 4 4 100% 23 10 40
SDB admin 1 1 100% 655 655 655
Member / Friend 38 15 39% 689 151 1,870
Dartmouth Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 5 5 100% 3,056 2,161 3,564
Member / Friend 14 10 71% 4,352 2,740 4,635
Davis Shambhala Meditation Center
Authorized MI 5 5 100% 119 18 361
Leadership role 8 8 100% 75 7 488
SDB admin 2 2 100% 950 586 1,314
Member / Friend 57 38 67% 165 19 381
Durham Shambhala Center
Leadership role 8 8 100% 72 47 101
SDB admin 1 1 100% 21 21 21
Member / Friend 49 38 78% 396 81 1,342
Edmonton Shambhala Centre
Leadership role 4 4 100% 217 185 625
Member / Friend 12 11 92% 2,325 1,125 2,935
Fort Collins Shambhala Meditation Center
Authorized MI 6 3 50% 3,614 2,560 4,645
Leadership role 5 5 100% 568 365 1,336
SDB admin 1 1 100% 38 38 38
Member / Friend 56 45 80% 2,066 958 2,611
Fredericton Shambhala Centre
Leadership role 5 5 100% 1,328 59 1,639
SDB admin 1 1 100% 287 287 287
Member / Friend 14 13 93% 1,659 231 2,342
Gainesville Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 724 724 724
Leadership role 6 6 100% 1 1 2
Member / Friend 18 15 83% 256 160 845
Groupe de Méditation Shambhala de Bourg-Argental
Leadership role 3 3 100% 120 60 1,593
Member / Friend 5 1 20% 2,352 2,352 2,352
Groupe de Méditation Shambhala de Montpellier
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 28 28 28
SDB admin 2 2 100% 0 0 0
Member / Friend 30 26 87% 302 17 1,652
Groupe de Méditation Shambhala du Limousin
Authorized MI 3 1 33% 927 927 927
Leadership role 2 2 100% 2,432 2,168 2,696
Member / Friend 10 9 90% 2,735 945 3,464
Groupe de méditation Shambhala de Rennes
Authorized MI 2 1 50% 4,756 4,756 4,756
Leadership role 5 3 60% 1,282 692 1,314
SDB admin 1 1 100% 174 174 174
Member / Friend 10 5 50% 2,403 1,894 2,568
Grup Shambhala de Meditació del Penedès
Leadership role 3 2 67% 1,656 1,289 2,023
Member / Friend 19 10 53% 2,707 1,566 3,207
Grupo Shambhala Meditación de Alcoy
Authorized MI 5 0 0% — — —
Leadership role 3 2 67% 989 549 1,429
SDB admin 1 1 100% 239 239 239
Member / Friend 6 3 50% 2,319 1,183 2,710
Gruppo di Meditazione Shambhala Lucca
Authorized MI 9 1 11% 2,227 2,227 2,227
Leadership role 5 4 80% 1,462 1,397 2,258
Member / Friend 4 2 50% 1,262 815 1,710
Gruppo di studio Shambhala Milano
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 1,383 1,383 1,383
Leadership role 1 1 100% 973 973 973
Member / Friend 18 4 22% 1,651 1,602 1,685
Halifax Shambhala Centre
Authorized MI 17 15 88% 1,605 679 3,099
Leadership role 4 4 100% 1,904 1,188 2,755
SDB admin 12 12 100% 64 39 79
Member / Friend 304 274 90% 540 143 1,535
Hoosier Heartland Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 4 4 100% 80 40 127
Member / Friend 28 26 93% 2,273 1,104 4,718
Houston Shambhala Meditation Group
Member / Friend 25 21 84% 1,970 1,154 2,345
Ivano-Frankivsk Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 4 4 100% 1,692 1,009 2,178
Member / Friend 10 2 20% 3,515 3,376 3,653
Kamloops Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 1 0 0% — — —
Leadership role 3 3 100% 7 4 189
Member / Friend 22 14 64% 2,780 1,208 4,091
Kiev Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 2 0 0% — — —
Leadership role 2 2 100% 684 360 1,007
Member / Friend 16 4 25% 5,330 4,649 5,438
Kingston Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 1 1 100% 288 288 288
Member / Friend 8 6 75% 1,183 890 3,064
Kootenay Shambhala Meditation Centre
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 3,371 3,371 3,371
Leadership role 6 6 100% 36 13 192
SDB admin 1 1 100% 408 408 408
Member / Friend 64 37 58% 854 322 2,555
Köln Shambhala Meditationszentrum
Authorized MI 12 4 33% 4,916 3,698 5,332
Leadership role 8 8 100% 100 57 190
SDB admin 8 8 100% 77 7 339
Member / Friend 100 81 81% 372 52 1,755
London Shambhala Meditation Centre
Authorized MI 10 6 60% 966 149 2,333
Leadership role 4 4 100% 371 64 1,164
SDB admin 2 2 100% 34 25 43
Member / Friend 80 64 80% 441 160 2,465
Lviv Shambhala-Buddhist Group
Authorized MI 2 1 50% 1,703 1,703 1,703
Leadership role 3 3 100% 2,622 1,550 2,998
Member / Friend 23 11 48% 2,884 2,211 3,712
Marburg Shambhala Meditationszentrum
Authorized MI 3 2 67% 751 685 816
Leadership role 5 5 100% 1,023 432 1,441
SDB admin 4 4 100% 304 66 729
Member / Friend 92 52 57% 1,930 974 3,179
Mexico City Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 1 1 100% 891 891 891
Member / Friend 15 10 67% 2,208 890 3,457
Mississauga Shambhala Centre
Leadership role 1 1 100% 96 96 96
SDB admin 2 2 100% 70 35 106
Member / Friend 4 2 50% 60 47 72
München Shambhala Zentrum
Authorized MI 10 0 0% — — —
Leadership role 5 5 100% 241 98 241
SDB admin 1 1 100% 1,224 1,224 1,224
Member / Friend 16 12 75% 2,388 847 2,874
Odessa Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 2 1 50% 1,333 1,333 1,333
Member / Friend 2 0 0% — — —
Oslo Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 1 1 100% 15 15 15
SDB admin 1 1 100% 26 26 26
Member / Friend 8 5 62% 3,059 2,960 3,401
Ottawa Shambhala Centre
Authorized MI 16 11 69% 2,780 1,851 4,538
Leadership role 3 3 100% 27 19 163
SDB admin 3 3 100% 68 34 267
Member / Friend 83 70 84% 989 121 2,495
Palm Beach County Shambhala
Authorized MI 1 0 0% — — —
Leadership role 5 5 100% 172 96 653
Member / Friend 54 32 59% 2,020 914 2,629
Philadelphia Shambhala Meditation Center
Leadership role 3 3 100% 16 13 23
SDB admin 6 6 100% 29 9 97
Member / Friend 252 177 70% 1,671 482 2,967
Pioneer Valley Shambhala Center
Authorized MI 1 0 0% — — —
Leadership role 9 9 100% 33 13 531
SDB admin 5 5 100% 76 20 530
Member / Friend 30 25 83% 751 261 1,194
Prince Edward Island Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 2 2 100% 441 433 448
Member / Friend 6 5 83% 2,153 1,558 2,367
San Diego Shambhala Meditation Center
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 4,225 4,225 4,225
Leadership role 6 6 100% 117 17 522
SDB admin 3 3 100% 7 6 162
Member / Friend 56 45 80% 1,658 187 2,653
Seattle Shambhala Center
Authorized MI 12 7 58% 1,332 984 1,999
Leadership role 8 8 100% 45 29 289
SDB admin 2 2 100% 1,263 1,259 1,267
Member / Friend 104 82 79% 403 105 1,449
Shambhala Buddhist Meditation Center of Sonoma
Authorized MI 2 1 50% 2,196 2,196 2,196
Leadership role 8 8 100% 98 34 498
Member / Friend 39 28 72% 117 60 899
Shambhala Center of Lexington
Authorized MI 6 3 50% 190 164 1,780
Leadership role 8 7 88% 229 32 451
SDB admin 1 1 100% 387 387 387
Member / Friend 77 44 57% 604 210 2,260
Shambhala Center of Madison
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 841 841 841
Leadership role 9 9 100% 49 12 255
Member / Friend 69 50 72% 2,064 880 3,448
Shambhala Chicago
Authorized MI 5 4 80% 2,815 472 5,121
Leadership role 4 4 100% 6 2 17
SDB admin 13 13 100% 48 13 148
Member / Friend 245 165 67% 1,243 199 3,589
Shambhala Europe
Authorized MI 7 5 71% 4,819 3,316 4,926
Leadership role 3 3 100% 89 51 1,174
Member / Friend 14 12 86% 1,409 213 4,145
Shambhala Krakow
Leadership role 3 3 100% 111 72 112
SDB admin 3 3 100% 69 36 131
Member / Friend 3 2 67% 1,290 662 1,918
Shambhala Meditatie Centrum Rotterdam
Leadership role 3 3 100% 82 56 109
SDB admin 3 3 100% 29 20 29
Member / Friend 29 23 79% 653 15 955
Shambhala Meditatie Groep Haarlem
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 1,938 1,938 1,938
Leadership role 2 2 100% 424 261 587
Member / Friend 3 2 67% 701 447 954
Shambhala Meditatie Groep Utrecht
Leadership role 1 1 100% 3,143 3,143 3,143
SDB admin 2 2 100% 576 381 772
Member / Friend 6 4 67% 380 28 772
Shambhala Meditatiecentrum Amsterdam
Authorized MI 15 9 60% 2,641 488 3,181
Leadership role 5 5 100% 5 5 34
SDB admin 12 12 100% 78 25 117
Member / Friend 107 89 83% 241 50 980
Shambhala Meditation Center Of New York
Authorized MI 9 4 44% 4,079 3,032 4,926
Leadership role 8 8 100% 30 12 123
SDB admin 6 6 100% 68 53 140
Member / Friend 437 343 78% 2,151 714 3,016
Shambhala Meditation Center of Albany
Authorized MI 16 3 19% 72 37 84
Leadership role 5 5 100% 176 3 179
SDB admin 1 1 100% 36 36 36
Member / Friend 55 42 76% 1,381 440 3,183
Shambhala Meditation Center of Atlanta
Authorized MI 4 3 75% 2,696 2,651 3,604
Leadership role 3 3 100% 28 27 82
SDB admin 9 9 100% 16 4 244
Member / Friend 130 97 75% 575 158 3,599
Shambhala Meditation Center of Boston
Authorized MI 41 10 24% 2,902 1,117 4,460
Leadership role 7 7 100% 8 6 46
SDB admin 1 1 100% 1,427 1,427 1,427
Member / Friend 94 86 91% 248 46 819
Shambhala Meditation Center of Columbus
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 521 521 521
Leadership role 4 4 100% 172 17 395
SDB admin 1 1 100% 349 349 349
Member / Friend 56 43 77% 2,002 954 2,807
Shambhala Meditation Center of Denver
Authorized MI 5 1 20% 521 521 521
Leadership role 13 13 100% 38 6 90
SDB admin 1 1 100% 3 3 3
Member / Friend 101 79 78% 676 118 2,411
Shambhala Meditation Center of Los Angeles
Authorized MI 4 4 100% 66 24 851
Leadership role 5 5 100% 34 10 213
SDB admin 7 7 100% 9 6 33
Member / Friend 104 97 93% 308 71 1,378
Shambhala Meditation Center of Milwaukee
Leadership role 4 4 100% 20 9 93
Member / Friend 51 48 94% 872 150 1,505
Shambhala Meditation Center of Minneapolis
Authorized MI 4 2 50% 2,803 1,432 4,174
Leadership role 8 7 88% 6 3 85
SDB admin 2 2 100% 114 73 154
Member / Friend 93 66 71% 462 94 1,592
Shambhala Meditation Center of New Haven
Leadership role 4 4 100% 683 45 1,538
SDB admin 1 1 100% 1,530 1,530 1,530
Member / Friend 55 39 71% 2,652 1,601 3,168
Shambhala Meditation Center of Portland
Authorized MI 2 2 100% 2,136 1,731 2,541
Leadership role 7 7 100% 22 9 228
SDB admin 3 3 100% 401 254 505
Member / Friend 164 116 71% 1,487 340 3,025
Shambhala Meditation Center of San Francisco
Authorized MI 7 3 43% 4,226 2,213 4,420
Leadership role 3 3 100% 232 198 453
Member / Friend 129 88 68% 2,962 1,333 3,990
Shambhala Meditation Center of Washington, DC
Authorized MI 7 7 100% 525 278 2,708
Leadership role 5 5 100% 225 99 237
SDB admin 3 3 100% 72 37 149
Member / Friend 88 79 90% 1,362 396 2,375
Shambhala Meditation Group Longmont
Leadership role 1 1 100% 2,618 2,618 2,618
Member / Friend 6 6 100% 2,650 1,982 4,142
Shambhala Meditationsgruppe Zürich
Authorized MI 3 1 33% 435 435 435
Leadership role 2 2 100% 663 371 955
SDB admin 1 1 100% 812 812 812
Member / Friend 5 4 80% 1,174 838 1,403
Shambhala Meditationsgruppen i København
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 141 141 141
Leadership role 3 2 67% 3,402 3,322 3,483
SDB admin 1 1 100% 15 15 15
Member / Friend 13 9 69% 3,070 712 3,669
Shambhala Melbourne Meditation Group
Leadership role 1 1 100% 27 27 27
Member / Friend 8 7 88% 573 224 1,650
Shambhala Szczecin
Leadership role 3 3 100% 61 39 442
SDB admin 1 1 100% 476 476 476
Member / Friend 15 10 67% 1,580 869 2,789
Shambhala Warszawa
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 5,654 5,654 5,654
Leadership role 4 4 100% 2,751 2,001 3,235
Member / Friend 3 3 100% 517 497 1,796
Shambhalacalli
Leadership role 3 3 100% 1,332 1,151 2,898
Member / Friend 18 16 89% 1,250 434 1,623
Shelburne Falls Shambhala Meditation Group
Leadership role 1 1 100% 7 7 7
Member / Friend 6 4 67% 250 166 716
St. Margaret s Bay Shambhala Centre
Leadership role 5 5 100% 196 159 223
Member / Friend 37 34 92% 684 115 3,249
St. Petersburg/Tampa Shambhala Meditation Center
Leadership role 5 5 100% 50 49 50
SDB admin 1 1 100% 370 370 370
Member / Friend 58 45 78% 1,490 518 2,432
Stockholm Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 2 2 100% 2,204 1,659 2,748
Leadership role 9 9 100% 632 152 2,536
SDB admin 1 1 100% 9 9 9
Member / Friend 30 23 77% 539 185 2,044
Tamalpais Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 3 2 67% 1,871 1,607 2,135
Leadership role 7 7 100% 82 48 116
Member / Friend 32 17 53% 3,066 1,776 4,059
Tatamagouche Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 494 494 494
Leadership role 1 1 100% 582 582 582
SDB admin 1 1 100% 50 50 50
Member / Friend 17 15 88% 1,631 755 2,500
Tbilisi Shambhala Meditation Group
Member / Friend 1 1 100% 2 2 2
Tehran Shambhala Meditation Group
Member / Friend 9 5 56% 4,282 1,752 4,759
Toronto Shambhala Center
Authorized MI 25 9 36% 1,204 570 2,922
Leadership role 8 8 100% 64 24 244
SDB admin 5 5 100% 89 37 189
Member / Friend 96 78 81% 687 272 1,239
Troy Shambhala Meditation Group
Authorized MI 1 1 100% 2,327 2,327 2,327
Leadership role 1 1 100% 86 86 86
SDB admin 1 1 100% 83 83 83
Member / Friend 10 6 60% 2,277 675 3,149
Tulsa Shambhala Meditation Group.
Leadership role 5 5 100% 30 8 107
Member / Friend 10 10 100% 225 140 838
Vancouver Shambhala Meditation Centre
Authorized MI 53 31 58% 1,721 156 3,804
Leadership role 3 3 100% 5 3 15
SDB admin 1 1 100% 1,471 1,471 1,471
Member / Friend 152 99 65% 475 193 1,754
Victoria Shambhala Meditation Centre
Authorized MI 4 3 75% 923 645 2,748
Leadership role 8 8 100% 66 8 336
SDB admin 4 4 100% 90 65 149
Member / Friend 118 73 62% 519 140 1,641
Wellington Shambhala Meditation Center
Leadership role 4 4 100% 1,281 940 2,196
Member / Friend 18 11 61% 2,253 1,527 2,513
Wien Shambhala Meditationszentrum
Authorized MI 6 2 33% 2,093 1,681 2,505
Leadership role 6 6 100% 207 90 417
SDB admin 7 7 100% 24 10 42
Member / Friend 59 48 81% 820 193 1,913

4 What this doesn’t answer

This page describes what the recency pattern looks like — it does not combine tiers into a single per-center score, and it does not smooth or pool small-tier medians (some centers have only one or two people in the Leadership or SDB admin tiers, so those medians can be dominated by a single person’s login history). Those steps belong to the broader center activity measure described in tasks/Center-Activity_Level_Measure.md, which also covers combining recency with participation-volume measures like event registrations and mailing list activity.